Sources
Every source cited anywhere in the corpus. Public-domain works are archived locally and can be re-checked; works in copyright are cited and never reproduced.
Follow any key to see exactly what rests on it. If a source turned out to be wrong, these pages tell you which claims would have to go with it — which is the only honest way to publish a reference built on century-old translations.
Load-bearing sources
budge-1904
Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II, ch. XVIII. Public domain, archived in sources-texts/. Budge caveat applies. Note that this chapter closes with several pages of frankly racial argument about pre-Islamic Arabs ("worshippers of stocks and stones," not "sufficiently developed, either mentally or spiritually") — that material is his period, not evidence, and nothing in this entry rests on it.
584 attestations · 185 entries
budge-1895
Budge, The Book of the Dead: The Papyrus of Ani (1895), ch. CXLVII. Public domain, archived in sources-texts/. Budge caveat applies: the transliterated name is reliable, any translated meaning is his interpretation.
133 attestations · 58 entries
budge-1905
Budge, The Book of Am-Tuat (1905), vol. I. Public domain, archived. The scene is described in his introduction rather than in a numbered division, which is why it went unfound in the division-by-division sweeps.
51 attestations · 30 entries
budge-1901
Budge, the Negative Confession of BD 125. Public domain, archived in sources-texts/. The parenthetical glosses are Budge's editorial additions, not translations of the Egyptian.
37 attestations · 37 entries
breasted-1912
Breasted, Development of Religion and Thought in Ancient Egypt. Public domain, archived. He quotes the Pyramid Texts in translation with paragraph numbers, and the numbers immediately around this line (§§1266–7, §251) belong to the neighbouring quotations; the citation for the Kherti sentence itself is not cleanly recoverable from the scan.
20 attestations · 10 entries
budge-1905-gates
Budge, The Egyptian Heaven and Hell / The Book of Gates (1905), vol. II, tenth division of the Tuat, pp. 273–278. Public domain, archived in sources-texts/. Budge caveat applies; this is scene description and translated caption, his most reliable register.
17 attestations · 9 entries
budge-1901v3
Budge, The Book of the Dead: An English Translation, vol. III (1901). Public domain, archived. His index distinguishes the instrument from the god by spelling and by label, which is the whole of the evidence and is unusually clean.
15 attestations · 12 entries
budge-1906
Budge, The Egyptian Heaven and Hell (1906), vol. I, alternative scan. Public domain, archived. The OCR of this roster is damaged — positions 2, 6, 7 and 8 are partly or wholly lost, and Budge's own caption ("Six gods who praise Ra at dawn") does not match his count of twelve.
14 attestations · 13 entries
herodotus-ii
Herodotus, An Account of Egypt (Histories II), trans. G. C. Macaulay. Public domain, archived as herodotus-book2-account-of-egypt-macaulay.txt. Corrected 2026-07-30 — this line previously named the Rawlinson translation and said the text was not archived; the archived edition is Macaulay's, and it is now quoted throughout. Herodotus is a foreign visitor writing roughly two millennia after the cult began: he is a first-rate witness to Late Period practice he saw, and not a witness to what the goddess meant in the Old Kingdom.
11 attestations · 6 entries
budge-1914
Budge, Literature of the Ancient Egyptians. Public domain, archived. The god is named only in the provenance note; the stele's actual text, which Budge translates at length, is about Isis and Horus and does not mention him.
10 attestations · 6 entries
sethe-1908
Sethe, Pyramidentexte. Fetched and unusable: the digitised volumes are printed hieroglyphs, and the OCR is noise. See C167. Breasted's translations are the practical substitute.
9 attestations · 9 entries
petrie-1895
Petrie, Egyptian Tales first series (1895), the Westcar Papyrus. Public domain, archived in sources-texts/. A literary tale, not a ritual text — evidence of what the gods were imagined doing, which is a different thing from cult practice.
8 attestations · 4 entries
plutarch-iside
Plutarch, De Iside et Osiride, trans. King (1908). Public domain. Source of the five-days birth narrative.
8 attestations · 8 entries
classical
Aelian (De Natura Animalium xi. 10), Pliny (Nat. Hist. viii. 72), Strabo (xvii. 31) and Diodorus (i. 85), cited by Budge at second hand and genuinely not archived here. Greek and Roman observers of a foreign cult — good on procedure, unreliable on meaning. The two members of the old [classical] group that are on disk now have bullets of their own, above.
7 attestations · 3 entries
petrie-1895b
Petrie (ed.), Egyptian Tales, Second Series, Griffith's translation of Papyrus D'Orbiney. Public domain, archived 2026-07-30. The primary witness.
7 attestations · 1 entries
herodotus-iii
Herodotus, The History, Book III (Thaleia), trans. G. C. Macaulay. Public domain, archived 2026-07-30, closing C392. Extracted from the Gutenberg volume without Books I–II, because Book II is already held separately and archiving it twice would double every hit drawn from it (C384). Supplies the markings, the conception, the oracle interval, and the Cambyses episode entire.
5 attestations · 1 entries
budge-1905-amtuat
Budge, The Book of Am-Tuat (1905), vol. I, fifth circle. Public domain, archived in sources-texts/. Budge transcribes the fourth chief differently in the two books — see open threads.
4 attestations · 4 entries
plutarch-de-iside
Plutarch, De Iside et Osiride, Babbitt (Loeb) translation. Public domain, archived 2026-07-29. Searched: no occurrence of "Hermanubis"; no two-cocks sacrifice. The Anubis-as-horizon passage is at § 44.
4 attestations · 2 entries
mercer-1952
Mercer, The Pyramid Texts in Translation and Commentary (1952). Public domain by verified non-renewal (Stanford renewal database, searched 2026-07-31: no records); retrieved via Wayback Machine snapshots of the sacred-texts transcription. The first post-Budge translation on this shelf, and it cites by Sethe § numbers — the modern standard.
4 attestations · 2 entries
herodotus-bk2
Herodotus, Histories Book II (An Account of Egypt), Macaulay translation. Public domain, archived 2026-07-29 in sources-texts/. Fetching this corrected the entry; see the correction box above.
2 attestations · 1 entries
budge-1905b
Budge, The Egyptian Heaven and Hell, Vol. II (1905). Public domain.
1 attestations · 1 entries
bremner-rhind
Bremner-Rhind Papyrus, British Museum EA 10188. Citation incomplete: no public-domain edition identified for this corpus yet. Faulkner's edition is in copyright.
1 attestations · 1 entries
plutarch
Plutarch, De Iside et Osiride, trans. Babbitt (Loeb). Public domain, archived as plutarch-de-iside-et-osiride-babbitt-loeb.txt. Corrected 2026-07-30: this line previously called the text unavailable and cited it through Budge, while the archive held it. Plutarch is a Greek priest of Delphi writing c. AD 100 for a Greek readership — first-rate on what the Alexandrian cult said about itself, and a foreigner reporting Egyptian religion at second hand. His etymologies are Greek guesswork and are recorded as such.
1 attestations · 1 entries
naville
Naville, Das aegyptische Todtenbuch der XVIII. bis XX. Dynastie (1886). Public domain. The Einleitung — the introduction volume, in German — is archived as naville-1886-todtenbuch-einleitung-de.txt; the variant spellings are in the plate volumes, which are not. Checked 2026-07-30: the archived volume contains none of these names. Corrected 2026-07-30: the earlier wording declared the whole work absent, which was wrong about the book and right about the gap (C390).
1 attestations · 1 entries
wilkinson-2003
Wilkinson, The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt. In copyright; cited, not reproduced.
1 attestations · 1 entries
shabaka-stone
the Shabaka Stone, British Museum EA 498. Citation incomplete: a public-domain edition or translation has not yet been identified for this corpus. Do not treat this key as resolved untilcarries a full entry.
1 attestations · 1 entries
naville-1875
Naville, La litanie du soleil (1875). Public domain (French).
1 attestations · 1 entries
book-heavenly-cow
The Book of the Heavenly Cow. Citation incomplete: a specific public-domain edition or translation has not yet been identified for this corpus. Do not treat this key as resolved untilcarries a full entry.
1 attestations · 1 entries
mariette-1882
Mariette, Le Sérapéum de Memphis (1882). Public domain, archived in sources-texts/. French. Mariette excavated the site; his observations of objects are first-rate and his theology is of its period.
1 attestations · 1 entries
Full bibliographic lines
- The aggregate census — the assembled deity list this corpus is auditing. **It is the
- Eighteen sources searched, listed above. Citations in the findings are to the archived
- Excluded and not cited: the aggregator or self-published page that was this name's only support. See
04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md. - Note: the single occurrence of reret in the Papyrus of Ani is not this goddess — it is the ordinary verb, "arrange for me the ways" [budge-1895]. Four of the five archived hits are the goddess; one is vocabulary.
- Searched but not matched: all 14 archived sources listed above.
- Searched but not matched: all 16 archived sources listed above.
- Searched but not matched: all 16 archived sources.
- Searched but not matched: all 17 archived sources listed above.
- Searched but not matched: all 17 archived sources.
[birch-select-papyri]— Birch, Select Papyri, pll. xx ff. — the hieratic text. Not fetched.[book-heavenly-cow]— The Book of the Heavenly Cow. Citation incomplete: a specific public-domain edition or translation has not yet been identified for this corpus. Do not treat this key as resolved until04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.mdcarries a full entry.[breasted-1912]— Breasted, Development of Religion and Thought in Ancient Egypt (1912). Public domain, archived 2026-07-29. Quotes the Pyramid Texts extensively in English translation and settles this entry.[breasted-1912]— Breasted, Development of Religion and Thought in Ancient Egypt. Archived.[breasted-1912]— Breasted, Development of Religion and Thought in Ancient Egypt. Public domain, archived. He quotes the Pyramid Texts in translation with paragraph numbers, and the numbers immediately around this line (§§1266–7, §251) belong to the neighbouring quotations; the citation for the Kherti sentence itself is not cleanly recoverable from the scan.[breasted-1912]— Breasted, Development of Religion and Thought in Ancient Egypt. Public domain, archived. Carries both his own position and Meyer's, which is why the dispute is recoverable at all.[breasted-1912]— Breasted, Development of Religion and Thought in Ancient Egypt. Public domain, archived. He cites W. M. Müller's Liebespoesie for both versions of the song, and Papyrus Harris 500 in the British Museum for the first.[breasted-1912]— Breasted, Development of Religion and Thought in Ancient Egypt. Public domain, archived. The historical man and the Song of the Harper.[breasted-1912]— Breasted, Development of Religion and Thought in Ancient Egypt. Public domain, archived. The only source here.[breasted-1912]— Breasted, Development of Religion and Thought. Public domain, archived.[breasted-1912]— Breasted, Development of Religion and Thought. Public domain, archived. Cites Davies, The Rock Tombs of El Amarna V, p. 30, which is not fetched.[breasted-1912]— Breasted, Development of Religion and Thought. Public domain, archived. Excellent on the god behind the tale; wrong on the tree, the years, and the vessel — see the correction box.[bremner-rhind]— Bremner-Rhind Papyrus, British Museum EA 10188. Citation incomplete: no public-domain edition identified for this corpus yet. Faulkner's edition is in copyright.[brugsch-religion]— Brugsch, Religion und Mythologie der alten Aegypter, cited by Budge. Public domain; not archived here.[brugsch-religion]— Brugsch, Religion und Mythologie der alten Aegypter, p. 142, cited by Budge. Public domain; not archived here.[brugsch-religion]— Brugsch, cited by Budge for the list of Hathor's local forms. Public domain; not archived here.[budge-1895]— Budge, Papyrus of Ani, introduction. Public domain, archived.[budge-1895]— Budge, Papyrus of Ani. Public domain, archived. Harris 500 and the Sekhet filiation.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Book of the Dead: Papyrus of Ani (1895). Archived. Chapter xvii is present and should be read against Budge's 1904 paraphrase.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Book of the Dead: Papyrus of Ani (1895). Public domain, archived. Both sides of the contradiction are his.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Book of the Dead: Papyrus of Ani (1895). Public domain, archived. The Ani vignette is the strongest single item here, being a description of an object rather than a translation.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Book of the Dead: Papyrus of Ani (1895). Public domain, archived. The clearest statement of the Letopolis cult and of the Horus-forms taxonomy.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Book of the Dead: Papyrus of Ani. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Cites Lanzone for the figures.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Book of the Dead: Papyrus of Ani. Public domain, archived. Budge subordinates him to Anubis and immediately describes iconography that distinguishes them.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Book of the Dead: Papyrus of Ani. Public domain, archived. Carries both an English translation and an interlinear transliteration of the same line, and they differ.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Book of the Dead: Papyrus of Ani. Public domain, archived. Describes the vignette and names both leaves.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Book of the Dead: Papyrus of Ani. Public domain, archived. OCR; transliteration interleaved with the English, hieroglyphs garbled by the scan.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Book of the Dead: The Papyrus of Ani (1895), ch. CXLVI. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md).[budge-1895]— Budge, The Book of the Dead: The Papyrus of Ani (1895), ch. CXLVII. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md): the transliterated name is reliable, any translated meaning is his interpretation.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Book of the Dead: The Papyrus of Ani (1895), introduction and the judgment scene. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md).[budge-1895]— Budge, The Book of the Dead: The Papyrus of Ani (1895). Public domain, archived insources-texts/.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Book of the Dead: The Papyrus of Ani (1895). Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md).[budge-1895]— Budge, The Book of the Dead: The Papyrus of Ani (1895). Public domain; used here for the plate.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Papyrus of Ani (1895). Public domain, archived insources-texts/.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Papyrus of Ani (1895). Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Searched; see above.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Papyrus of Ani (1895). Public domain, archived. Supplies the Unas passage and the "(Orion)" gloss.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Papyrus of Ani (1895). Public domain.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Papyrus of Ani (1895). Public domain; used for the plate.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Papyrus of Ani. Public domain, archived.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Papyrus of Ani. Public domain, archived. Both hits read 2026-07-30 and both are Meti-heh, not Meti — see below.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Papyrus of Ani. Public domain, archived. The footnote is his own gloss, offered without a text reference; the second occurrence is in the body.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Papyrus of Ani. Public domain, archived. The only source here that describes him, and it makes him male.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Papyrus of Ani. Public domain, archived. The two-solar-barks sentence is his, and it is the best single line about her appearance anywhere here.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Papyrus of Ani. Public domain, archived. Carries the clause twice, in translation and in transliteration, which is why the reading is secure even though the name appears once.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Papyrus of Ani. Public domain, archived. Carries the clause in translation and transliteration.[budge-1895]— Budge, The Papyrus of Ani. Public domain, archived. Gives the clause in translation and transliteration, so the reading is secure.[budge-1901]— Budge, Book of the Dead ch. 125, the Negative Confession. Public domain, archived.[budge-1901]— Budge, BD 125, the Negative Confession. Public domain, archived.[budge-1901]— Budge, BD 125. Public domain, archived.[budge-1901]— Budge, the Negative Confession of BD 125. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. The parenthetical glosses are Budge's editorial additions, not translations of the Egyptian.[budge-1901]— Budge, trans., Egyptian Literature (1901). Public domain.[budge-1901]— Budge, trans., Egyptian Literature (1901). Public domain. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md): used here for the text of the confession, not for interpretation.[budge-1901]— Budge, trans., Egyptian Literature (1901). Public domain. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md); the name and place are transcription, which is where he is most reliable.[budge-1901]— Budge, trans., Egyptian Literature (1901). Public domain. Budge caveat applies.[budge-1901v3]— Budge, The Book of the Dead (1901), vol. III. Public domain, archived. The index is navigable; the paginated body is not, which is the whole reason this entry stops here.[budge-1901v3]— Budge, The Book of the Dead III (1901). Public domain, archived. Eight page loci in the index, all unread.[budge-1901v3]— Budge, The Book of the Dead III (1901). Public domain, archived. Five unread page loci.[budge-1901v3]— Budge, The Book of the Dead III (1901). Public domain, archived. Index only — the page carrying the Tree of Sepes has not been read.[budge-1901v3]— Budge, The Book of the Dead III (1901). Public domain, archived. Page 100 is unread.[budge-1901v3]— Budge, The Book of the Dead III (1901). Public domain, archived. Page 72 unread.[budge-1901v3]— Budge, The Book of the Dead: An English Translation, vol. III (1901). Public domain, archived. His index distinguishes the instrument from the god by spelling and by label, which is the whole of the evidence and is unusually clean.[budge-1901v3]— Budge, The Book of the Dead: An English Translation, vol. III (1901). Public domain, archived. Index only — the two page references are not recoverable from the OCR of the body.[budge-1901v3]— Budge, The Book of the Dead: An English Translation, vol. III (1901). Public domain, archived. Chapter CLXI is from the Papyrus of Nefer-uben-f; the rubric is added from the Saite Recension.[budge-1901v3]— Budge, The Book of the Dead: An English Translation, vol. III (1901). Public domain, archived. Index only.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II, on Set and the northern sky. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge cites Brugsch, Geographie, p. 954 and Ahmed-Bey Kamal, Les Idoles Arabes et les Divinités Égyptiennes (Recueil xxiv, p. 11 ff.), neither archived here.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I, ch. I and appendix. Public domain, archived. Budge caveat applies, and his literal-conqueror reading of the Cannibal Hymn is flagged above rather than followed.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I, on Tem. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md).[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I, on the Fifth Hour of the Book of the Underworld, p. 222. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md).[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I, on the beings of Sekhet-Aaru. Public domain, archived insources-texts/.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I, on the eleventh division of the Tuat (p. 201). Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md); this is scene description and transliteration, his most reliable register.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I, on the ninth division of the Tuat (p. 194). Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md).[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I, the Ptah-Tanen section. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge cites Lepsius, Denkmäler vi, pl. 118 for the hieratic text of the hymn, and credits Brugsch for the caution about the pun.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I, the section on the paut of Hermopolis. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md).[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md): the chapter-and-line references are transcription, but the translated quotations are Budge's English and are the weakest part of this entry — see open threads.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge cites Lanzone, Dizionario, p. 552 and Brugsch, Religion, p. 304, neither of which is archived here.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I. Public domain, archived.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I. Public domain, archived. A transcribed list, which is Budge at his most dependable — though the conclusion he draws from it is his own.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I. Public domain, archived. He lists twenty-four names for a group he calls twelve; the discrepancy is his and is preserved.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I. Public domain, archived. His summary of the Book of the Underworld here is not identical to his 1905 translation of the Am-Tuat — this hour-name is in the summary and not in the translation, which is why it went unfound.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I. Public domain, archived. The two books spell her differently, which is why the census slug matched neither cleanly.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I. Public domain, archived. Unlike Usrit/Usit and Themath, her name is spelled the same in both — which is why triage could find her and not them.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I. Public domain, archived. A transcribed roster with an accompanying description of the scene, which is Budge at his most dependable.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I. Public domain, archived. A transcribed roster with the scene described around it.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I. Public domain, archived. Budge caveat applies; this is a transcribed name list, where he is most dependable.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. I. Public domain, archived. The usurpation argument is Budge's own reconstruction, offered without a cited text.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II, ch. II "Hapi, the God of the Nile," pp. 42–48. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies; the hymn translation is his English.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II, ch. III "The Triad of Elephantine". Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md).[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II, ch. IV "Aten, the God and Disk of the Sun". Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md) — though on this chapter he is unusually disciplined, refusing to reconstruct attributes the texts do not supply.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II, ch. XII "Asar-Hapi or Serapis" and the sacred-animals chapter. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md).[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II, ch. XII. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md).[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II, ch. XIX "Miscellaneous Gods", §V (hours of the day, p. 294), §VI (hours of the night, p. 294) and §VII (the watch before and behind Osiris-Serapis, p. 295). Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md); these are name-lists and tables, which is transcription rather than interpretation.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II, ch. XIX §IX "The Gods of the Senses", pp. 296–299. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md).[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II, ch. XIX §IX "The Gods of the Senses", pp. 296–299. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md); the Pyramid Text and Book of the Dead references are transcription.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II, ch. XVIII "Foreign Gods". Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md). The chapter closes with several pages of frankly racial argument about pre-Islamic Arabs — his period, not evidence. See the Foreign Gods.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II, ch. XVIII "Foreign Gods". Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md). The chapter closes with several pages of frankly racial argument about pre-Islamic Arabs — that material is his period, not evidence, and nothing here rests on it. See [the Foreign Gods](../pages/the-foreign-god[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II, ch. XVIII. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md). Note that this chapter closes with several pages of frankly racial argument about pre-Islamic Arabs ("worshippers of stocks and stones," not "sufficiently developed, either mentally or spiritually") — that material is his peri[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II, in the chapter on foreign gods. Public domain, archived. He gives origin, names and buildings, and no function at all — this entry cannot say what Mandulis was god of.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II, on Osiris judge of the dead. Public domain, archived insources-texts/.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II, on the Theban triad. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md). The Unas line numbers, temple names and cult sites are transcription; the "moon before sun" generalisation is his period's comparative religion and is flagged as such above.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II, the Bennu section. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies, but note that on this entry he is doing source criticism and doing it well.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Note the internal contradiction with the 1895 volume on this goddess.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md).[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md). He gives her no independent treatment — both mentions are incidental to Mut.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md). The museum number, the Hatshepsut scene and the Metternich Stele contents are reporting, which is his strongest register.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md); note his reading of the feather tiara as marking a "savage" origin is period inference, not evidence.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived. A transcribed and dated list — Budge recording, not interpreting.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived. A transcribed list, which is Budge at his most dependable; the list's own source he does not name.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived. He describes the figure precisely and disclaims knowledge of her function in the same paragraph — the two statements are kept together here.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived. He indexes the list under "ka of Ra", which is the clearest signal available that he did not regard these as independent deities.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived. He separates what is known from what is probable in consecutive clauses, which makes this entry easy to write honestly.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived. He supplied the two chapter numbers that made this entry possible — an entry's own open threads working as a search index (C386).[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived. Index only.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived. Makes the same name a goddess on p. 47 and a lake on p. 60, and never mentions the Ani figure.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived. The Isis identification is his parenthetical gloss, offered without argument.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived. The compiled list is his own, assembled from the Book of the Dead; he gives no chapter references in it, which is exactly what makes the names in it hard to run down.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived. The name-list is a transcription, which is where Budge is most dependable — and it carries no context whatsoever.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived. The reading of Ment carries Budge's own query.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived. The whole description is Budge relaying Greek and Roman authors; the colour-changing and the reversed hair are Macrobius and Aelian reporting on Egypt, not Egyptian texts. Budge supplies only the Egyptian name and the titles.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived. He cites Brugsch, Recueil i. 15–16; Dümichen, Resultate iv. 1–27; Mariette, Denderah iv, pll. 35–39 — none of them archived here, so the roster reaches this corpus at second hand.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vol. II. Public domain, archived. The metu gloss is lexical, not interpretive — Budge is reporting the range of an Egyptian word, which is the kind of claim he is most reliable on.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II, esp. ch. III "The Triad of Elephantine". Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md).[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Searched; see above.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md), but note that on this subject Budge is unusually careful — he explicitly limits what the texts will support and dates the creation compositions late.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md).[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md). He has no dedicated treatment of Harpocrates — every attestation above is incidental to a discussion of some other god, which is why this entry is ◐ partial despite the volume of material.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md). Note that on the Pyramid Text identification Budge is careful and conditional, and this entry preserves the conditional.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md). The Book of the Dead chapter-and-line citations are the reliable part; note that Budge himself uses the superseded reading Seb throughout.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md). The Book of the Dead chapter-and-line references are transcription and are reliable; the etymologies and the dshesh argument are interpretation.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md). The Pyramid Text line numbers and the nome list are transcription and are the reliable part; the etymology and the translated creation monologue are interpretation — see open threads.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md). The Pyramid Text line numbers, Book of the Dead chapters and the organ assignments are transcription and reporting, which is where Budge is most reliable.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md); note he spells her both Menhit and Menhet.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md); note that he gives the Unas line as both 597 and 599 and switches the deity's gender between sections.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies. His preface comparison with Marian attributes is his own and is not adopted here.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies: used here for transcribed name lists and Pyramid Text locus references, where he is most dependable.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies; used here for his Pyramid Text quotations and plate captions.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies; used here for his account of the two cities, the Aha plaque and the titulary.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies; used here for his nome list, Pyramid Text name references and transcribed compound forms.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies; used here for his nome list, titulary discussion and transcriptions.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived. A transcribed name list with locus references — Budge recording rather than interpreting, which is where he is most dependable.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived. A transcribed name list with locus references, which is Budge at his most dependable — he is recording, not interpreting.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived. Budge subordinates him to Khnemu throughout, as he does Heryshaf; whether that is Egyptian theology or Budge's filing is not settled here.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived. Budge subordinates him to Khnemu throughout; whether that is Egyptian theology or Budge's arrangement is not settled here.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived. Note that most of the substance here is Budge relaying Brugsch and Pleyte, so it is third-hand and should be treated as such.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived. The Harpocrates syncretism is Budge relaying Brugsch, Religion und Mythologie, p. 373 — a nineteenth-century collection, not a text.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived. The Plutarch is quoted at second hand and in an old English translation.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols I–II. Public domain, archived. The triad list is Brugsch's, relayed.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904), vols. I and II. Public domain, archived. Pages 422–423 are the fullest account of her in the archive, and also where he argues hardest past his evidence; the hedges are preserved verbatim.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904). Public domain, archived. The Isis-Sept plate is Lanzone's, reproduced by Budge.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904). Public domain. Budge caveat applies.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904). Public domain. Budge caveat applies; used here for the Hathor lists, which are transcription. Extracted todata/seven-hathors.json.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians I, on the weighing of words. Archived.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians vol. II. Public domain, archived.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians vol. II. Public domain, archived. Quotes Diodorus at second hand.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians, Vol. I (1904). Public domain. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md); this is a transcribed name list, which is where he is most dependable.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians, vol. I. Public domain, archived.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians, vols I–II (1904). Public domain, archived. A transcribed name list, which is where Budge is most dependable.[budge-1904]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians, vols I–II. Public domain, archived. The Memphite triad chapter and the famine narrative.[budge-1904],[budge-1895],[budge-1905]— searched 2026-07-29; no occurrence of Kneph under any spelling.[budge-1904],[budge-1901v3]— Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians (1904) and The Book of the Dead III (1901). Public domain, archived.[budge-1905-amtuat]— Budge, The Book of Am-Tuat (1905), vol. I, fifth circle. Public domain, archived insources-texts/.[budge-1905-amtuat]— Budge, The Book of Am-Tuat (1905), vol. I, fifth circle. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge transcribes the fourth chief differently in the two books — see open threads.[budge-1905-gates]— Budge, The Book of Gates (1905), vol. II. Public domain, archived. He glosses the name in the running text, which he does for only a minority of the figures in these books.[budge-1905-gates]— Budge, The Book of Gates (1905), vol. II. Public domain, archived. The scan of these pages is among the worst in the archive — plate captions and running text interleave — and the reading above is what survives it intact.[budge-1905-gates]— Budge, The Egyptian Heaven and Hell / The Book of Gates (1905), vol. II, ninth division. Public domain, archived insources-texts/.[budge-1905-gates]— Budge, The Egyptian Heaven and Hell / The Book of Gates (1905), vol. II, tenth division of the Tuat, pp. 273–278. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. Budge caveat applies (04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md); this is scene description and translated caption, his most reliable register.[budge-1905-gates]— Budge, The Egyptian Heaven and Hell / The Book of Gates (1905), vol. II. Public domain, archived insources-texts/.[budge-1905]— Budge, Book of Am-Tuat I and Book of Gates II (1905). Public domain, archived.[budge-1905]— Budge, The Book of Am-Tuat (1905), vol. I. Public domain, archived.[budge-1905]— Budge, The Book of Am-Tuat (1905), vol. I. Public domain, archived. The scene is described in his introduction rather than in a numbered division, which is why it went unfound in the division-by-division sweeps.[budge-1905]— Budge, The Book of Am-Tuat (1905), vol. I. Public domain, archived. A described scene with the names transcribed beneath it, which is Budge at his most dependable.[budge-1905]— Budge, The Book of Am-Tuat (1905), vol. I. Public domain, archived. He prints variants for four of the twelve names, which is unusual and suggests he had more than one manuscript.[budge-1905]— Budge, The Book of Am-Tuat (1905), vol. I. Public domain, archived. Transcribed rosters with the scene described around them.[budge-1905]— Budge, The Book of Am-Tuat vol. I and The Book of Gates vol. II (1905). Public domain, archived. These are scene descriptions, which is the strongest kind of evidence Budge provides.[budge-1905]— Budge, The Egyptian Heaven and Hell / The Book of Gates, vol. II (1905). Public domain, archived. The strongest source here, because the claims are descriptions of scenes rather than translations of theology.[budge-1905]— Budge, The Egyptian Heaven and Hell, Vol. I (1905). Public domain. Budge caveat applies.[budge-1905]— Budge, The Egyptian Heaven and Hell, Vol. I (1905). Public domain. Budge caveat applies; division names here are drawn from an OCR extraction pending verification (data/amduat-hours.json).[budge-1905],[budge-1906]— Budge, The Book of Am-Tuat (1905) and Egyptian Heaven and Hell (1906). Public domain, archived. Both carry the name and neither has been read for this entry.[budge-1905b]— Budge, The Egyptian Heaven and Hell, Vol. II (1905). Public domain.[budge-1906]— Budge, The Egyptian Heaven and Hell (1906), vol. I, alternative scan. Public domain, archived.[budge-1906]— Budge, The Egyptian Heaven and Hell (1906), vol. I, alternative scan. Public domain, archived. Independently confirms the reading — the two scans agree letter for letter, which is not always true of Budge's OCR.[budge-1906]— Budge, The Egyptian Heaven and Hell (1906), vol. I, alternative scan. Public domain, archived. Independently confirms the reading.[budge-1906]— Budge, The Egyptian Heaven and Hell (1906), vol. I, alternative scan. Public domain, archived. The OCR of this roster is damaged — positions 2, 6, 7 and 8 are partly or wholly lost, and Budge's own caption ("Six gods who praise Ra at dawn") does not match his count of twelve.[budge-1906]— Budge, The Egyptian Heaven and Hell (1906), vol. I. Public domain, archived.[budge-1914]— Budge, Literature of the Ancient Egyptians. Public domain, archived.[budge-1914]— Budge, Literature of the Ancient Egyptians. Public domain, archived. Read 2026-07-30, and both hits are a different thing — see the caution below.[budge-1914]— Budge, Literature of the Ancient Egyptians. Public domain, archived. Spells the name Upuat / Upuatu, which is why these two passages went unfound for so long; recovered by merging theup-uatucensus stub (C386).[budge-1914]— Budge, Literature of the Ancient Egyptians. Public domain, archived. The god is named only in the provenance note; the stele's actual text, which Budge translates at length, is about Isis and Horus and does not mention him.[classical]— Aelian (De Natura Animalium xi. 10), Pliny (Nat. Hist. viii. 72), Strabo (xvii. 31) and Diodorus (i. 85), cited by Budge at second hand and genuinely not archived here. Greek and Roman observers of a foreign cult — good on procedure, unreliable on meaning. The two members of the old[classical]group that are on disk now have bullets of their own, above.[diodorus]— Diodorus Siculus i. 85. Not fetched; quoted here only as Budge relays it.[esna-inscriptions]— the Esna temple inscriptions. Not fetched. Would establish or refute the Khnum–Menhit–Heka triad.[faulkner-1973]— Faulkner, The Ancient Egyptian Coffin Texts. In copyright; cited only.[herodotus-bk2]— Herodotus, Histories Book II (An Account of Egypt), Macaulay translation. Public domain, archived 2026-07-29 insources-texts/. Fetching this corrected the entry; see the correction box above.[herodotus-ii]— Herodotus, An Account of Egypt (Book II only), trans. Macaulay. Public domain, archived. Supplies the Psammetichos court, the Greek equation with Epaphos, and the sacrificial-bull inspection. Defers the signs to "another part of the history" — which is Book III, now archived below.[herodotus-ii]— Herodotus, An Account of Egypt (Histories II), trans. G. C. Macaulay. Public domain, archived asherodotus-book2-account-of-egypt-macaulay.txt. Corrected 2026-07-30 — this line previously named the Rawlinson translation and said the text was not archived; the archived edition is Macaulay's, and it is now quoted throughout. Herodotus is a foreign visitor writing[herodotus-ii]— Herodotus, Histories II, trans. Rawlinson (1858). Public domain.[herodotus-iii]— Herodotus, The History, Book III (Thaleia), trans. G. C. Macaulay. Public domain, archived 2026-07-30, closing C392. Extracted from the Gutenberg volume without Books I–II, because Book II is already held separately and archiving it twice would double every hit drawn from it (C384). Supplies **the markings, the conception, the oracle interval, and the Cambyses epi[horapollo]— Horapollo, Hieroglyphica I. 21, cited by Budge (Leemans ed., p. 28). Late antique and unreliable on hieroglyphs generally; used here only for the reported Egyptian name of the inundation.[lanzone]— Lanzone, Dizionario di Mitologia Egizia, cited by Budge for the Heh scene. Public domain; not archived here.[lanzone]— Lanzone, Dizionario di Mitologia Egizia, cited by Budge for the lamp. Public domain; not archived here.[lanzone]— Lanzone, Dizionario di Mitologia Egizia, pl. 51, cited by Budge for the cow scene. Public domain; not archived here.[lanzone]— Lanzone, Dizionario di Mitologia Egizia, pll. 168 ff. and p. 685, cited by Budge at second hand. Public domain; not archived here.[lanzone]— Lanzone, Dizionario di Mitologia Egizia, pll. 168 ff., cited by Budge at second hand. Public domain; not archived here.[lanzone],[brugsch-religion]— cited by Budge at second hand for the Khnum titles. Public domain; not archived here.[lgg]— Leitz (ed.), Lexikon der ägyptischen Götter und Götterbezeichnungen. In copyright and library-only; the reference most likely to settle these questions.[mariette-1882]— Mariette, Le Sérapéum de Memphis (1882). Public domain, archived insources-texts/. French. Mariette excavated the site; his observations of objects are first-rate and his theology is of its period.[mariette]— Mariette, Le Sérapéum de Memphis (1882). Public domain, archived asmariette-1882-serapeum-de-memphis-fr-ocr.txt. Corrected 2026-07-30: the open thread below recorded this as archived on 2026-07-29 and the source line was never updated to match — the entry contradicted itself for a batch and nothing checked (C391).[mariette]— Mariette, Le Sérapéum de Memphis (1882). Public domain, archived asmariette-1882-serapeum-de-memphis-fr-ocr.txt. Corrected 2026-07-30: the open thread below recorded this closed on 2026-07-29 and the source line still called it unavailable — the entry contradicted itself and nothing checked (C391).[maspero-1894]— Maspero, Les Inscriptions des Pyramides de Saqqarah (Paris, 1894), p. 67 l. 496 and p. 134 l. 319 — Budge's own citation for the hieroglyphic text. Not fetched.[maspero-1894]— Maspero, Les inscriptions des pyramides de Saqqarah (1894). French, with line numbers. Public domain, archived 2026-07-30. The edition Budge cites for his Unas/Teta/Pepi line numbers, so it is the right source for verifying them.[maspero-1912]— Maspero, Hymne au Nil (BdE 5, 1912 edition of the work Budge cites as 1868). French, with philological commentary on the Sallier II and Anastasi VII papyri. Public domain, archived 2026-07-29. Fetching this corrected the entry; see the box above.[maspero-myth]— Maspero, La Mythologie Égyptienne, p. 257, cited by Budge. Public domain; not archived here.[mercer-1952]— Mercer, The Pyramid Texts in Translation and Commentary (1952). Public domain by verified non-renewal (Stanford renewal database, searched 2026-07-31: no records); retrieved via Wayback Machine snapshots of the sacred-texts transcription. The first post-Budge translation on this shelf, and it cites by Sethe § numbers — the modern standard.[mercer-1952]— Mercer, The Pyramid Texts in Translation and Commentary (1952). Public domain by verified non-renewal. The only source on this shelf that carries the name at all.[meyer]— Eduard Meyer, cited by Breasted at "ibid., p. 100." Not fetched, and Breasted's citation is too abbreviated to identify the work without his surrounding notes.[muller-asien]— W. M. Müller, Asien und Europa, cited by Budge at second hand. Public domain; not archived here.[muller-asien],[wiedemann],[lanzone]— cited by Budge at second hand for the origin question, the Kahun figures, and the harp plates. Public domain; not archived here.[naville-1875]— Naville, La litanie du soleil (1875). Public domain (French).[naville-todtenbuch]— Naville, Das aegyptische Todtenbuch, Bd. II Bl. 79 — cited by Budge on the adjacent passage. Not fetched. Naville collates multiple papyri, which is exactly what this question needs: do other witnesses of ch. xviii also list four?[naville]— Naville, Das aegyptische Todtenbuch der XVIII. bis XX. Dynastie (1886). Public domain. The Einleitung — the introduction volume, in German — is archived asnaville-1886-todtenbuch-einleitung-de.txt; the variant spellings are in the plate volumes, which are not. Checked 2026-07-30: the archived volume contains none of these names. Corrected 2026-07-30: the earlier wording[naville]— Naville, Das aegyptische Todtenbuch, Einleitung (1886). Public domain, archived. In German; confirms the vignette type independently of Budge, which little else in this entry is.[petrie-1895]— Petrie, Egyptian Tales (Westcar Papyrus), "Hordedef's Tale," pp. 22–31. Public domain, archived, and now read directly rather than through Budge.[petrie-1895]— Petrie, Egyptian Tales first series (1895), the Westcar Papyrus. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. A literary tale, not a ritual text — evidence of what the gods were imagined doing, which is a different thing from cult practice.[petrie-1895]— Petrie, Egyptian Tales first series (1895), the Westcar Papyrus. Public domain, archived insources-texts/. A literary tale, not a ritual text.[petrie-1895]— Petrie, Egyptian Tales, second series, translated by Griffith. Public domain, archived.[petrie-1895b]— Petrie (ed.), Egyptian Tales, Second Series, Griffith's translation of Papyrus D'Orbiney. Public domain, archived 2026-07-30. The primary witness.[plutarch-de-iside]— Plutarch, De Iside et Osiride, Babbitt (Loeb) translation. Public domain, archived 2026-07-29. Note the Bebon passage is at § 49, not § 62 as Budge's citation gives it.[plutarch-de-iside]— Plutarch, De Iside et Osiride, Babbitt (Loeb) translation. Public domain, archived 2026-07-29. Searched: no occurrence of "Hermanubis"; no two-cocks sacrifice. The Anubis-as-horizon passage is at § 44.[plutarch-de-iside]— Plutarch, De Iside et Osiride, Babbitt (Loeb). Public domain, archived 2026-07-29. The only source for this entry.[plutarch-iside]— Plutarch, De Iside et Osiride, trans. King (1908). Public domain.[plutarch-iside]— Plutarch, De Iside et Osiride, trans. King (1908). Public domain. Source of the five-days birth narrative.[plutarch]— Plutarch, De Iside et Osiride, Babbitt (Loeb). Archived. The Arsaphes etymology is Greek and third-hand.[plutarch]— Plutarch, De Iside et Osiride, trans. Babbitt (Loeb). Public domain, archived asplutarch-de-iside-et-osiride-babbitt-loeb.txt. Checked 2026-07-30 — the line previously called it unavailable while the archive held it. His only Saosis is the queen of Byblos, not this goddess; see the caution above (C391).[plutarch]— Plutarch, De Iside et Osiride, trans. Babbitt (Loeb). Public domain, archived asplutarch-de-iside-et-osiride-babbitt-loeb.txt. Corrected 2026-07-30 — previously cited through Budge and described as unavailable while the archive held it (C391).[plutarch]— Plutarch, De Iside et Osiride, trans. Babbitt (Loeb). Public domain, archived asplutarch-de-iside-et-osiride-babbitt-loeb.txt. Corrected 2026-07-30: this line called the text unavailable and cited it through Budge while the archive held it. A foreign observer: good on procedure, unreliable on meaning — and he mentions Harpocrates exactly once, which is itself worth know[plutarch]— Plutarch, De Iside et Osiride, trans. Babbitt (Loeb). Public domain, archived asplutarch-de-iside-et-osiride-babbitt-loeb.txt. Corrected 2026-07-30: this line previously called the text unavailable and cited it through Budge, while the archive held it. Plutarch is a Greek priest of Delphi writing c. AD 100 for a Greek readership — **first-rate on what the Alexandrian cult s[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte (1908–22). Public domain (German).[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte (1908–22). Public domain.[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte (1908–22). Public domain. Budge's Pepi I and Pepi II references should be verified against it.[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte (1908–22). Public domain. Cited at corpus level; Budge's Unas numbers should be checked against it.[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte (1908–22). Public domain. Settle the Unas line number.[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte (1908–22). Public domain. Verify Unas 181 and the Mauit variant.[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte (1908–22). Public domain. Verify Unas 185 and Pepi I 352.[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte (1908–22). Public domain. Verify Unas 194 and 510.[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte (1908–22). Public domain. Verify Unas 207, Pepi I 465 and Pepi II 662 against it.[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte (1908–22). Public domain. Verify Unas 234 and Unas 508.[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte (1908–22). Public domain. Verify Unas 439.[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte (1908–22). Public domain. Verify Unas 453, and check whether Tefen at the same line is a separate god.[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte (1908–22). Public domain. Verify Unas 487 ff.[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte (1908–22). Public domain. Verify Unas 556 and Pepi I 455.[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte (1908–22). Public domain. Verify Unas 599.[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte (1908–22). Public domain. Verify the Teta and Pepi I loci.[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte (1908–22). Public domain. Verify the Unas and Pepi II numbers against it.[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte. Fetched and unusable — printed hieroglyphs, OCR noise (C167).[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Pyramidentexte. Fetched and unusable — printed hieroglyphs, OCR noise (C167).[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Pyramidentexte. Fetched and unusable: printed hieroglyphs, OCR noise (C167). Would otherwise supply Ut. 338–340, 400 and 438 directly.[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Pyramidentexte. Fetched and unusable: the digitised volumes are printed hieroglyphs, and the OCR is noise. See C167. Breasted's translations are the practical substitute.[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Pyramidentexte. Not fetched. Needed to determine whether Baba / Babi / Baabu / Babua are one god or several.[sethe-1908]— Sethe, Pyramidentexte. Not fetched. Verify Unas 358 and Pepi I 192.[shabaka-stone]— Not fetched. The Memphite theology text, and the key source for Sia and Hu.[shabaka-stone]— the Shabaka Stone, British Museum EA 498. Citation incomplete: a public-domain edition or translation has not yet been identified for this corpus. Do not treat this key as resolved until04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.mdcarries a full entry.[westcar]— the Westcar Papyrus, cited by Budge at second hand. Public domain; not archived here.[wilkinson-2003]— Wilkinson, The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt. In copyright; cited, not reproduced.[wilkinson-2003]— Wilkinson, The Complete Gods and Goddesses. In copyright; cited only.[wp-list-egyptian-deities]— English Wikipedia, List of Egyptian deities, retrieved 2026-07-28. Aggregate list; census use only, never sufficient to establish attestation.[wp-list-egyptian-deities]— English Wikipedia, List of Egyptian deities, retrieved 2026-07-28. Aggregate list; census use only.[wp-list-egyptian-deities]— English Wikipedia, List of Egyptian deities. Aggregate list; the origin of the category error recorded here.[wp-list-egyptian-deities]— English Wikipedia, List of Egyptian deities. Aggregate list; the origin of this error.[wp-list-egyptian-deities]— English Wikipedia, List of Egyptian deities. Aggregate list; census use only, never evidence of attestation.[wp-list-egyptian-deities]— English Wikipedia, List of Egyptian deities. Aggregate list; census use only.[wp-list-egyptian-deities]— English Wikipedia, List of Egyptian deities. Aggregate list; census use only. Its claim that Anit is the wife of Andjety is unconfirmed by anything above.